Artifitial lift systems
Artificial lift is a method used to lower the producing bottomhole pressure (BHP) on the formation to obtain a higher production rate from the well.
This can be done with a positive displacement downhole pump, such as a beam pump or a progressive cavity pump (PCP), to lower the flowing pressure at the pump intake. It also can be done with a downhole centrifugal pump, which could be a part of an electrical submersible pump (ESP) system.
Electrical submersible pumps
The electrical submersible pump, typically called an ESP, is an efficient and reliable artificial-lift method for lifting moderate to high volumes of fluids from wellbores. These volumes range from a low of 150 B/D to as much as 150,000 B/D (24 to 24,600 m3/d).
Variable-speed controllers can extend this range significantly, both on the high and low side. The ESP’s main components include:
Multistaged centrifugal pump
Three-phase induction motor
Seal-chamber section
Power cable
Surface controls
Sucker Rod Pump - PumpJack
The Rod Pump is a traditional form of artificial lift. It is the most familiar as a symbol of oil production, having been in use throughout the world since the pioneer oil industry days.
Rod Pumps / Pump Jacks still capture a significant percentage of the artifical lift technology utilized by oil producers The conventional unit is probably the unit used most often.
It is simple to install, has the widest range of sizes available, usually has lower operating costs than other units, needs no hoisting equipment or rigid supports for changing stroke length, and can run faster in wells in which free fall limits pumping speeds.
